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CAT Critical Reasoning Practice question with Solution 62

QUESTION
On the basis of incontestable proof that car safety seats will greatly reduce the number of serious injuries sustained by children in car accidents, laws have been passed mandating the use of these seats. Unexpectedly, it has since been found that a large number of children who are riding in safety seats continue to receive serious injuries that safety seats were specifically designed to avoid, and in the prevention of which they in fact have proven to be effective.

Which one of the following, if true, could by itself adequately explain the unexpected finding reported in the passage?

OPTIONS
[A]. Many parents are defying the law by not using safety seats for their children.
[B]. Children are more likely to make automobile trips now than they were before the introduction of the safety seat.
[C]. The high cost of child safety seats has caused many parents to delay purchasing them.
[D]. The car safety seat was not designed to prevent all types of injuries, so it is not surprising that some injuries are sustained.
[E]. The protection afforded by child safety seats depends on their being used properly, which many parents fail to do.
Answer: E
Explanation:

First, define the unexpected finding. There’s “incontestable proof” that safety seats will reduce the number of serious injuries sustained by children in car accidents, yet a large number of children who are riding in safety seats continue to receive the serious injuries that the seats were specifically designed to prevent, and have been proven to be effective in preventing. If, as (E) says, safety seats must be used properly in order for them to afford protection, and if parents are failing to use them properly, then it’s easily conceivable for children riding in safety seats to still suffer serious injuries.

(A) and (C) are wrong for the same reason: Both supposed explanations ignore the fact that the unexpected finding centres around children who are actually in the seats receiving injuries.


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