1600 satellites were sent up by a country for several purposes. The purposes are classified as broadcasting (B), communication (C), surveillance (S), and others (O). A satellite can serve multiple purposes; however a satellite serving either B, or C, or S does not serve O.
1. The numbers of satellites serving B, C, and S (though may be not exclusively) are in the ratio 2:1:1.
2. The number of satellites serving all three of B, C, and S is 100.
3. The number of satellites exclusively serving C is the same as the number of satellites exclusively serving S. This number is 30% of the number of satellites exclusively serving B.
4. The number of satellites serving O is the same as the number of satellites serving both C and S but not B.
If at least 100 of the 1600 satellites were serving O, what can be said about the number of satellites serving S?
If the number of satellites serving at least two among B, C, and S is 1200, which of the following MUST be FALSE?
It is given that the satellites serving either B, C or S do not serve O.
From (1), let the number of satellites serving B, C and S be 2K, K, K respectively.
Let the number of satellites exclusively serving B be x.
From (3), the number of satellites exclusively serving C and exclusively serving S will each be 0.3x
From (4), the number of satellites serving O is same as the number of satellites serving only C and S. Let that number be y.
Since the number of satellites serving C is same as the number of satellites serving S, we can say that
(number of satellites serving only B and C) + 0.3x + 100 + y = (number of satellites serving only B and S) +
0.3x + 100 + y
Let the number of satellites serving only B and C = the number of satellites serving only B and S = Z
Therefore, the venn diagram will be as follows
Given that there are a total of 1600 satellites
=> x + z + 0.3x + z + 100 + y + 0.3x + y = 1600
1.6x + 2y + 2z = 1500 --------------- (1)
Also K = 0.3x + z + y +100
Satellites serving B = 2K = x + 2z + 100
=> 2(0.3x + z + y + 100) = x + 2z + 100
0.4x = 2y + 100
x = 5y + 250 -----------(2)
Substituting (2) in (1), we will get
1.6 (5y + 250) + 2y + 2z = 1500
10y + 2z = 1100
Z = 550 – 5y ------------ (3)
Question 1:
The number of satellites serving C = z + 0.3x + 100 + y
= (550 – 5y) + 0.3(5y + 250) + 100 + y = 725 – 2.5y
This number will be maximum when y is minimum.
Minimum value of y is 0.
Therefore, the maximum number of satellites serving C will be 725.
From ③, z = 550 – 5y
Since the number of satellites cannot be negative,
$z \geq 0 \Rightarrow 550 - 5 y \geq 0$
$y \leq 110$
Maximum value of y is 110.
When y = 110, the number of satellites serving C will be 725 – 2.5 × 110 = 450. This will be the minimum
number of satellites serving C.
The number of satellites serving C must be between 450 and 725.
Question 2:
From 2, the number of satellites serving B exclusively is x = 5y + 250
This is minimum when y is minimum.
Minimum value of y = 0.
The minimum number of satellites serving B exclusively = 5 × 0 + 250 = 250.
Question 3:
Given that at least 100 satellites serve 0; we can say in this case that y ≥ 100.
Number of satellites serving s = 0.3x + z +100 + y=725 – 2.5y
This is minimum when y is maximum, i.e. 110, (from③)
Minimum number of satellites serving = 725 – 2.5 ×100 = 450.
This is maximum when y is minimum, i.e., 100 in this case.
Maximum number of satellites serving = 725 – 2.5 ×100 = 475
Therefore, the number of satellites serving S is at most 475
Question 4:
The number of satellites serving at least two of B, C or S = number of satellites serving exactly two of
B, C or S + Number of satellites serving all the three
= z + z + y + 100
= 2(550 – 5y) + y + 100
= 1200 – 9y.
Given that this is equal to 1200
1200 – 9y = 1200
=> y = 0
If y = 0, x = 5y + 250 = 250
z = 550 – 5y = 550
No. of satellites serving C = k = z + 0.3x + 100 + y
= 550 + 0.3 250 + 100 + y
= 725
No. of satellites serving B = 2k = 2 725 = 1450.
From the given options, we can say that the option “the number of satellites serving C cannot be uniquely determined” must be FALSE
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